TY - JOUR T1 - Gut as viral reservoir: lessons from gut viromes, HIV and COVID-19 JF - Gut JO - Gut SP - 1605 LP - 1608 DO - 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-324622 VL - 70 IS - 9 AU - Markus F Neurath AU - Klaus Überla AU - Siew C Ng Y1 - 2021/09/01 UR - //www.marcconsult.com/content/70/9/1605.abstract N2 - The gut microbiota is composed of bacteria, fungi and viruses.1–3 While the presence and composition of the bacteriome have been extensively studied in recent years, the ‘dark matter' of microbiomes including viruses (viral microbiome or virome) remains incompletely understood.4 Analysis of microbiotic communities in the gut showed that bacteria rapidly colonise the gut after birth, followed by the appearance of prophages by 1 month which are harboured by these bacteria.5 6 在成人中,最近研究使用美术方法分析健康个人直肠病毒 7 8 例如1986年元元分析识别33242个独特病毒群,证明人类直肠中包含数组细菌学和eukarytic RNA和DNA病毒,以细菌为主具体地说,几组原生化craps类、Caudoviarales和Microviede细菌学和eukaryaviThese viromes displayed marked interindividual heterogeneity with age-dependent changes and were critically dependent on host factors such as geography and ethnicity-distinct diets.9 10 Moreover, the duration of urban residence was associated with the presence of multiple bacteriophages, including Lactobacillus and Lactococcus phages.9 Although the functions of most viruses in the gut viromes have not been fully characterised, it has been suggested that viromes play a crucial role in shaping the gut microbiome and intestinal health under homeostatic conditions.This concept was underlined by experimental studies in murine dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis.11 12 Treatment of DSS colitis with a cocktail of antiviral nucleoside analogues led to augmented mucosal inflammation, while administration of agonists for Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3: sensor … ER -